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Dubbo入门实例
编辑时间：2019-05-06 18:11
作者：毛毛小妖
浏览量：473
评论数：2
一、创建Maven多模块项目
项目结构如下
模块介绍:
dubbo-api ----API接口
dubbo-consumer ----消费者
dubbo-provider ----生产者
dubbo-api Service 提供的接口，provider 实现了 api 接口，并对外开放http端口，consumer依赖 api 工程，但是不会直接依赖provider工程。 这种可以让消费者仅仅依赖api工程，而不需要对provider工程的依赖，也是松耦合的经典。
1、创建root项目
首先创建一个名为Dubbo_demos的项目，把一些通用的依赖全部放置到这里，pom.xml文件内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.fendo</groupId>
<artifactId>Dubbo_demos</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>dubbo</name>
<description>dubbo示例</description>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- log4j日志包版本号 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- 添加junit4依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加日志相关jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- Zookeeper zkclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<modules>
<module>dubbo-api</module>
<module>dubbo-provider</module>
<module>dubbo-consumer</module>
</modules>
</project>2、创建api模块
在Dubbo_demos项目中新建一个名为dubbo-api的模块
他会自动在root目录下把dubbo-api这么module加入进来。而dubbo-api会自动继承root
3、创建provider模块(生产者)
在Dubbo_demos项目中创建dubbo-provider模块，并修改POM.XML为如下:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>Dubbo_demos</artifactId>
<groupId>com.fendo</groupId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.fendo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>dubbo-provider</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fendo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加日志相关jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- Zookeeper zkclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>4、创建consumer模块(消费者)
在Dubbo_demos项目中创建dubbo-consumer模块，并修改POM.XML为如下:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>Dubbo_demos</artifactId>
<groupId>com.fendo</groupId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.fendo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>dubbo-consumer</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fendo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- Zookeeper zkclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>二、定义接口API、Vo对象、公共类及方法
这些是要提供方和调用方都需要的。
在dubbo-api模块中创建一个接口对外开放
package org.dubbo.api;
import java.util.List;
public interface DemoService {
public List getPermissions(Long id);
}
三、定义Dubbo服务service
实现dubbo-api中的api接口，书写业务逻辑及DB操作。通过spring暴露服务。
创建DemoService实现类DemoServiceImpl
package org.dubbo.provider.impl;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.dubbo.api.DemoService;
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
public List getPermissions(Long id) {
List demo = new ArrayList();
demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id - 1));
demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id));
demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id + 1));
return demo;
}
}
以及消费者启动类Provider
public class Provider {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:provider.xml");
System.out.println(context.getDisplayName() + ": here");
context.start();
System.out.println("服务已经启动...");
System.in.read();
}
}
然后创建resources目录，在下新建两个配置文件
provider.xml是dubbo配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!--定义了提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系；在 dubbo-admin 或 dubbo-monitor 会显示这个名字，方便辨识 -->
<dubbo:application name="demotest-provider" owner="programmer"
organization="dubbox" />
<!--使用 zookeeper 注册中心暴露服务，注意要先开启 zookeeper -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181" />
<!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!--使用 dubbo 协议实现定义好的 api.PermissionService 接口 -->
<dubbo:service interface="org.dubbo.api.DemoService" ref="demoService"
protocol="dubbo" />
<!--具体实现该接口的 bean -->
<bean id="demoService" class="org.dubbo.provider.impl.DemoServiceImpl" />
</beans>四、定义调用端
也叫消费端，实现对应的控制层。通过spring获取服务，和上面差不多。
创建消费者运行类:
public class Consumer
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//测试常规服务
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
context.start();
System.out.println("consumer start");
DemoService demoService = (DemoService) context.getBean(DemoService.class);
System.out.println("consumer");
System.out.println(demoService.getPermissions(1L));
}
}
consumer.xml配置文件为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<dubbo:application name="demotest-consumer" owner="programmer" organization="dubbox" />
<!--向 zookeeper 订阅 provider 的地址，由 zookeeper 定时推送 -->
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181" />
<!--使用 dubbo 协议调用定义好的 api.PermissionService 接口 -->
<dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="org.dubbo.api.DemoService" />
</beans>五、使用zookeeper注册中心
运行zookeeper/bin目录下的zkServer.cmd，启动zookeeper，启动成功如下所示：
六、启动Dubbo的service端
即provider。
启动zookeeper之后,然后运行dubbo-provider中的Provider类，如果发现启动报错，应该是dubbo.xsd加载失败，我们可以手动引入Dubbo.xsd。首先百度下载Dubbo.xsd，然后按照如下图配置：
启动成功会出现如下信息：
七、启动portal端
即所谓的consumer。
然后启动dubbo-consumer中的Consumer类
会打印如下信息，表示消费成功!!!
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—— 来自 xq2019-01-24 18:13回复